In this talk, I will give an overview of the history of research on paediatric bone, from early pioneer half a century ago, to the latest work using modern medical imaging technologies and computational modelling methods. The challenges in modelling immature bone will be discussed. The computational modelling work will be linked to the clinical application related to the diagnosis of infant fracture with respect to child abuse. One particular clinical debate around spontaneous humeral fracture will be used to illustrate the ability of this powerful approach, which has enabled us for the first time, to provide quantitative evidence on clinical diagnosis. I will finish my talk with recent works using digital image correlation (DIC) in order to validate this modelling approach on immature lamb bone.